what are NFT? non-fungible tokens simplified in 2022

What is an NFT? How do I buy one? Why would I want to buy a digital file that I can just copy in a second? Is it just another bubble? \we’ll cover these questions and more. Today’s topic is NFTs. 

What are NFTs, AKA Non-fungible tokens?

NFT stands for Non-Fungible Token, but what exactly is “Fungible”? Well, you can think of something fungible as interchangeable or as having no unique properties. So, for example, if I have a one-dollar bill and ask you to trade it with me for a different one-dollar bill, you probably won’t have any issue with that since they are basically two of the same thing.

 Meaning both dollar bills are fungible. However, if, by chance, you happen to have a rare dollar bill with unique markings or a unique serial number like, say, 12345678 or an actual binary serial number where all of the digits are either 0 or 1, you probably won’t be so inclined to trade it. These one-dollar bills are extremely rare and can be traded for up to 5000 dollars and more. 

In other words, these bills are non-fungible. They are unique and have specific attributes that distinguish them from the rest of the bills. So a non-fungible token is like a special dollar bill. It’s a digital coin that has unique attributes attached to it.

Fun fact, Bitcoin and many other cryptocurrencies are considered non-fungible in the sense that you can attach a certain history to a coin. Meaning, if a certain Bitcoin was used for illegal activity, it may be worth less than a newly minted Bitcoin with no history! 

Coming back to NFTs, they are basically unique coins, but what are they used for? Well, they are used to prove ownership of a certain digital file or a digital certificate of authenticity. Confused? Don’t worry, let’s break it down. When we look at a piece of art, a painting, for example, the original artwork is always much more valuable than its copies. And there are specific methods you can use to validate the authenticity of that painting. 

For example, receiving a certificate of authenticity. But when it comes to a digital file, how do you know what is the original and what is a copy? And does it even matter? Well, apparently, it does. In a similar way that people assemble physical art, digital goods are becoming very popular. For example, I can write an ebook and sell the first copy of it as an “non-fungible” token. 

Whoever buys it from me will have the right to say that they own the first-ever copy of my book. But here is where it gets tricky. You see, it’s not that I gave the buyer any rights to my book or anything tangible for that matter. I only gave the buyer the right to brag that they own the first copy. 

So unlike buying a painting in real life and taking it home, for example, with an NFT, you don’t have any power over the goods that you’re buying. That’s why it’s questionable as to how valuable NFTs actually are. I mean, a “non-fungible” token is worth only as much as the next guy is willing to pay for it. And if it doesn’t even exist in the physical world, well… some people find it a hard concept to grasp. 

How NFTs Created?

Now let’s talk about how a “non-fungible” token is actually created. First, a creator creates a digital good, an image, a video, a tweet, a website, or anything else that lives in the online world. The creator then creates a coin,v or more accurately a token, on a blockchain that supports smart contracts like Ethereum, Cardano, or Solana. This token holds within it information about the digital goods that are being sold. This information includes the token name, the token symbol, and a unique hash that proves the authenticity of the “non-fungible” token.

 Keep in mind that the digital goods themselves aren’t stored inside the token, only attributes relating to them. So while the NFT may point to where the file can be found online, anyone can use that link, and it’s not unique in any way. Furthermore, once the token is created, the creator can sell it to someone else, and that someone will be the new owner of that digital good. To sum it up, a “non-fungible” token is a token on a blockchain that acts as a digital certificate of authenticity. It can be verified instantly and also show the history of its previous owners. 

Characteristics

Aside from being non-fungible or unique, 

• NFTs are indivisible
• easily transferable
• fraud-proof
• and programmable. 

This means that “non-fungible” token creators can decide that royalties will be paid to them each time an NFT changes hands. 

Examples of popular NFTs

Some examples of popular NFTs include crypto punks – a collection of 10,000 eight-bit style pixel art images of… well… punks that are sold as “non-fungible” tokens, and their price has already surpassed several millions of dollars. Another example is NBA Top Shot – a marketplace where fans can trade NFTs of NBA moments. These moments are video clips packaged as an NFT, a bit like the trading cards we used to have back in the day. 

So using “non-fungible” tokens for sports highlights is another way players can make money by getting royalties when a Top Shot moment that they are highlighted in gets sold as an NFT. Additional popular examples include Jack Dorsey, the founder of Twitter, selling his first-ever Tweet as a “non-fungible” token and the artist Beeple selling an NFT of his work for 69 million dollars. 

Buying your first NFTs?

Now that we’ve covered the theory, let’s get down to practice – how do you buy an NFT? In general, there are two types of NFT marketplaces – centralized and decentralized. The centralized marketplaces allow you to sign up and fund your account using a credit card or other form of payment.

 For example, Nifty Gateway is a centralized NFT marketplace owned by the exchange Gemini. There, you can buy NFTs using your Gemini balance. On the other hand, if you want to make purchases through a decentralized marketplace, you’ll need a wallet compatible with the blockchain your “non-fungible” token was created on. For example, in Ethereum’s case, MetaMask is the most popular option.

From Metamask word, just remembered to remind you guys about what is Metaverse and NFT Combined! Check out this article on Metaverse to get more ideas about it.

 It’s a wallet built as a browser extension, and you can use it to log into decentralized NFT marketplaces such as OpenSEA or SuperRare. Once you fund your account or wallet, you can just buy or bid on different NFTs in the marketplace. In the end, a “non-fungible” token is just a coin, or token to be more precise, that is stored on your wallet just like any other cryptocurrency. 

Selling your NFTs?

Keep in mind that unless you’re an avid collector, you’ll also need to sell the NFT at some point, and the “non-fungible” token isn’t very liquid. In other words, they don’t always have a market of people who want to buy them, just like it might be hard to find someone who’ll pay thousands of dollars for a rare baseball or pokemon card. 

As you can imagine, this market is very hype-driven. This could lead to a situation where a person buys an NFT for millions of dollars only to find out that he can’t sell it later on since the interest in that specific “non-fungible” token is no longer there. 

What are the uses of “non-fungible” token?

So now we come to the question – if all a “non-fungible” token is basically bragging rights about a digital file, what can I do with it? Well, most people find some creative way to show it off. For example, some NFTs are displayed digitally across art galleries. Another innovative idea that’s been getting quite popular is to use a digital frame that can display the NFT and hang it up in your house. Alternatively, you can use a physical print of the NFT with a QR code next to it pointing to your proof of ownership on the blockchain. There are also online galleries inside virtual worlds that are used for displaying NFTs.

As you can see, the opportunities for displaying your latest digital artwork are abundant. But they aren’t used only for art. Actually, anything that is unique or needs proof of ownership can be created as an NFT. In simple terms, an NFT is a term used for tagging something in the digital world as your own.

 So anything that requires such tagging can benefit from the “non-fungible” token technology. For example, Decentraland ( MANA ) is a virtual world where people can buy digital land sold or used for advertising. Online games or Crypto games can use NFTs to prove ownership of rare digital items that players can then trade amongst themselves. Unstoppable domains, which we’ve covered in the past, use “non-fungible” token to establish domain names ownership. 

NFTs can also be used as collateral in DeFi instead of cryptocurrencies. It’s the equivalent of pawning something you own to get a loan in the real world. NFTfi is one example of a marketplace for NFT collateralized loans. As you can see, the ideas are endless. 

Are NFTs just a Bubble on Crypto Space? 

So are NFTs the next big thing, or are they just a craze like the 2017 ICO mania? It’s hard to say. On the one hand, it seems like everybody’s talking about NFTs, and all the big companies are moving into this space. On the other hand, it’s hard to wrap your head around the concept of people paying millions of dollars for digital proof of ownership without any claim in the real world. I guess only time will tell what the future holds for “non-fungible” tokens. That’s it for today’s article. Hopefully, by now, you know what NFTs are – cryptocurrency tokens that provide proof of ownership for a digital item.